In this course, you will: 

• Understand batteries’ basic chemistry  
• Identify the advantage and disadvantages of using alternative battery types
• Understand the figure of merits, energy, and power density limits of each electrical energy storage component type
• Examine battery testing standards, battery charging systems and state of charge measurement techniques
• Learn about hybrid systems using batteries  
• Understand safety and second-life use of batteries
• Learn about a variety of applications such as automotive and grid-energy storage systems

• Electrical engineers 
• Mechanical engineers 
• System engineers 
• Project engineers 
• Program managers 
• Technical leaders 
• System integrators 
• Electric power generation and utility engineers

Introduction to Electrical Energy Storage

• Scope of energy storage needs and opportunities
• Technology overview and key disciplines
• Example applications and projects

Battery Background

• Common units of measure and common figures of merit

Electrochemistry

• Electrochemical vs. thermal energy sources
  • Voltage and potential energy
  • Reduction and oxidation
  • Reduction potentials and electrochemical couples
  • Electrochemical cell

Battery Construction

• Cell mechanical structure
  • Resistance and polarization
  • Electrode design
  • Discharging and charging

Major Battery Chemistries

• Common batteries (lead acid, NiMH, li-ion, and others)
  • Common battery metrics: performance comparison, power, and energy

• Densities, specific power, and specific energy of batteries with different chemistries
• Relative comparison of electrical energy storage technologies

Lead Acid Batteries

• Lead acid battery charge/discharge characteristics, pros/cons

Nickel-Metal Hydride Batteries

• NiMH cell construction, applications, battery characteristics, pros/cons
• Li-Ion Batteries
• Lithium-ion cell reaction, construction, pouch cells, pros/cons
  • Construction—can vs. flexible foil
  • Typical charge/discharge characteristics

Battery System Integration

• Battery pack design considerations for performance
  • Major battery sub-systems and typical schematic
  • Smart battery control
  • Cell balancing, balancing in action
  • Safety and abuse considerations in batteries and cells
  • Fault detection and management systems, battery protection systems

Analysis and Simulation of Batteries

• Equivalent circuit, electrochemical, thermal, and aging and life models
• Trends in simulation technology

Secondary Use, Recycling, and Disposal Issues of Batteries

• USABC requirements
  • Possible markets
  • Economic analysis of deploying used batteries

• Individual and synergistic applications and benefits

Battery Chargers

• Introduction to charger configurations and features
• Charger classes and performance characteristics
• Electronics, automotive, and industrial applications

Battery State Estimation

• State of charge (SOC), State of health (SOH), State of function (SOF)

Battery Standards and Testing

• Test equipment survey
  • Testing by application

Safety

• Fundamental failure modes
  • Standards for testing
  • Role of failure modes and effects (FMEA) tools
  • Protection techniques

Future Electrical Energy Storage Technology

• Current challenges
  • Promising high power and energy battery technologies
  • Future battery electric vehicle performance requirements

Current Research Update

• Electrochemistry, advanced materials, and battery systems and
• management research Automotive Battery Applications
• Degrees of vehicle electrification
  • Battery size vs. application
  • Battery performance and sizing—USABC
  • DOE targets for vehicular energy storage systems
  • Battery sizing factor (BSF)
  • Static capacity and energy

Automotive Battery Application Performance

• Static capacity test
  • Temperature and power performance
  • Life and durability
  • Battery cycling
  • Drive profiles

Grid-Tied Energy Storage System Applications

• Sodium sulfur and redox flow battery based energy storage systems
  • Fundamentals of sodium sulfur and redox flow battery systems
  • Construction
  • Properties and characteristics

• Grid interconnection and control topologies